2. Menciptakan gambar yang artistik.
3. Menghilangkan bayangan yang tidak perlu.
4. Membuat efek khusus. Menyinari objek artinya memberikan pencahayaan agar objek atau subjek bisa terlihat jelas sesuai konsep film itu sendiri. Tidak semua bayangan itu diperlukan dan tidak semua bayangan tidak diperlukan. Dengan pencahayaan tertentu bayangan bisa dihilangkan, dikurangi, atau bahkan ditambah. Perlu tidaknya bayangan atau shadow, lagi – lagi sangat tergantung dari konsep film itu sendiri. Arah Cahaya Arah cahaya dari pencahayaan akan bergantung pada ketinggian dan sudut dari sumber cahaya tadi. Dari atas, bawah, atau rata dengan obyek? Dengan demikian kita akan tahu bayangan yang dihasilkan cahaya tadi jatuh dimana. Peletakan sumber cahaya di atas subyek akan menghasilkan efek yang berbeda jika dibandingkan dengan peletakkan sumber cahaya dari arah bawah subyek. Arah pencahyaan ini biasanya disebut sebagai down angle dan up angle. Dengan down angle akan menghasilkan bayangan yang jatuh kearah tubuh (kalau subyeknya orang). Sebagai contoh, konsep down angle bisa dilakukan pada scene interograsi, akan kelihatan dramatis. Sedangkan up angle akan menghasilkan pencahayaan yang kurang lazim, namun dengan penempatan pencahayaan seperti ini subyek akan kelihatan powefull dan gagah. Kualitas Cahaya Kualitas pencahayaan berkaitan dengan keras atau lembutnya pencahayaan itu sendiri. Secara garis besar ada dua kualitas pencahayaan, yaitu hard light dan soft light. Hard light mempunyai karakteristik pencahyaan yang kuat dimana shadow atau bayangan lebih terlihat jelas. Softlight memiliki karakter sebaliknya, antara pencahayaan dengan bayangan hanya memiliki perbedaan yang tipis. Rasio Pencahayaan Lighting Ratio merupakan perbandingan antara brightness dan lightness. Misalnya perbandingan 2:1, dimana pencahayaan area terang dua kali lipat dibanding area gelap. Teknologi video memungkinkan sampai pada rasio 4:1, area terang memiliki intensitas 4 kali lebih terang dibandingkan area gelap. Jika lebih dari itu, maka unsur detail bayangan atau shadow akan hilang. Kontrol Cahaya Ini merupakan metode untuk menambah atau mengurangi pencahayaan dari sumber cahaya. Penambahan atau pengurangan ini untuk menghasilkan efek tertentu. Misalnya efek cahaya matahari yang memancar masuk pada jendela kamar tidur, digunakan translucent yang ditempelkan dekat sumber cahaya. Mengukur Intensitas
Intensitas cahaya yang yang dihasilkan dari key light, fill light,serta backlight bisa diukur oleh sebuah alat yakni Lightmeter. Ada dua jenis alat ini yaitu Incident and Reflectant. Incident diperuntukkan untuk mengukur intensitas cahaya yang “jatuh” pada subjek. Sedangkan Reflectant dipergunakan untuk mengukur intensitas cahaya yang dipantulkan oleh subyek. Jenis – jenis Lampu : Banyak sekali jenis lampu yang digunakan dalam proses pengambilan gambar atau shooting. Jenis lampu itu terdiri atas :
- Blonde : 1000-2000 Watt, biasanya digunakan sebagai pencahayaan flood untuk area yang luas.
- Readhead : 650 – 1000 Watt, digunakan sebagai key flood untuk area yang luas.
- Pepper Light : 100 – 1000 Watt, lampu dengan intensitas rendah digunakan khusus untuk key light atau fill light.
- HMI : ini merupakan jenis lampu kualitas tinggi.
- Hallogen : 100 – 500 Watt, digunakan sebagai key flood untuk area luas, jenis lampu ini biasanya digunakan untuk produksi dengan budgeting rendah.
- Fresnell : Jenis lampu yang memiliki lensa khusus yang memancarkan cahaya.
- Kinoflo : 400 Watt, digunakan sebagai key light untuk area yang luas.
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